DIGESTIVE DISORDERS

What are digestive disorders

Inflammation of intestinal tract is the most common aliment due to bacterial or viral infections. The infections are also caused by parasites of intestine such as; Tape worm, Round worm, Thread worm, Hook worm, Pin worm and etc; Some digestive disorders are;

JAUNDICE
VOMITING
DIARRHOEA
CONSTIPATION
INDIGESTION

What are digestive disorders

1. JAUNDICE:- The liver is affected (hepatitis). Anorexia (the lack of appetite) is a common symptom. Skin and white part of eye balls turn yellow due to deposition of the bile pigments.

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JAUNDICE

2. VOMITING:- It is throwing out of contents of stomach through mouth. This reflex action is controlled by vomiting center in medulla oblongata. A feeling of nausea precedes vomiting.

FOOD POISONING OR VOMITING

3. DIARRHOEA:- The abnormal frequency of bowl movements and increased liqidity of faecal discharge is known as diarrhoea. It reduces absorption of food and results in loss of water(dehydration).

DIARRHOEA

4. CONSTIPATION:- In constipation the faces are retained within the rectum as it is hard due to low content of water and the movement of bowl occurs irregularly.

CONSTIPATION

5. INDIGESTION:- In this condition, the food is not properly digested leading to a feeling of fullness. The causes of indigestion are spicy food and over eating.

INDIGESTION

ABSORBED FOOD IN BODY:-

The digested food is absorbed in mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine.

1. ABSORPTION IN MOUTH:- Certain drugs in contact with mucosa of mouth and lower side of tongue are absorbed into blood capillaries lining them.

2. ABSORPTION IN STOMACH:- Some like water, salts, alcohol, drugs such as; aspirin, moderate amounts of simple sugars are absorbed in stomach.

3. ABSORPTION IN SMALL INTESTINE:- About the 90% of all absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine. This include absorption of water and electrolytes, monosaccharides, amino acids, lipids, etc:-

4. ABSORPTION IN LARGE INTESTINE:- Most of water, products of bacterial digestion, vitamins synthesized by bacteria such as vit-B, vit-K, some minerals and drugs absorbed in long intestine.

*DEFECATION:- The undigested, unabsorbed substances called as faeces enters into caecum of L.I through ileo-cephalic valve, which prevents back flow of faecal matter. It temporarily stored in rectum and through anus they leave from body. This process is called as defecation.